2024年日4月16日，生態環境部發布《環境影響評價技術導則公路建設項目》（HJ1358-2024）（2024年7月1日(ri)(ri)實(shi)施，以下簡(jian)稱(cheng)《公(gong)路環評導(dao)則》）。生態環境部(bu)環評司有關負(fu)責(ze)人于2024年日(ri)(ri)6月21日(ri)(ri)就《公(gong)路環評導(dao)則》制定的背景和意義、主要(yao)特點和內(nei)容等回答了記者(zhe)提問(wen)。

問：《公路環評導則》制定的背景和意義是什么？

答：首先(xian)，制定(ding)《公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)導(dao)則》是貫徹黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)國務(wu)院(yuan)重(zhong)(zhong)大決策部(bu)署的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)舉措。黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)國務(wu)院(yuan)高度(du)(du)重(zhong)(zhong)視包括(kuo)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)在(zai)內的(de)交(jiao)通(tong)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)財(cai)經委(wei)員會(hui)第十一(yi)次會(hui)議強調，要(yao)(yao)構建(jian)現代化基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)體系(xi)，實(shi)現經濟效益(yi)、社會(hui)效益(yi)、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)效益(yi)、安全(quan)效益(yi)相統一(yi)。國務(wu)院(yuan)印(yin)發的(de)《2030年前碳(tan)達峰(feng)行動方案(an)》明(ming)確要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，要(yao)(yao)將(jiang)(jiang)綠(lv)色低碳(tan)理念貫穿于交(jiao)通(tong)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)規劃、建(jian)設(she)(she)、運(yun)營和維(wei)護(hu)(hu)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)，降低全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)命周(zhou)期能耗(hao)和碳(tan)排(pai)放。因(yin)此，必須通(tong)過(guo)制定(ding)《公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)導(dao)則》，將(jiang)(jiang)黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)國務(wu)院(yuan)關(guan)于交(jiao)通(tong)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)決策部(bu)署落在(zai)實(shi)處，推動建(jian)設(she)(she)綠(lv)色低碳(tan)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)。其(qi)次，制定(ding)《公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)導(dao)則》是減(jian)緩公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)項(xiang)(xiang)目建(jian)設(she)(she)不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)影響(xiang)的(de)必然要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)交(jiao)通(tong)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)，其(qi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)影響(xiang)客(ke)觀存在(zai)。一(yi)般而言，公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)項(xiang)(xiang)目選線(xian)難以完全(quan)避(bi)讓生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)、居民集中(zhong)(zhong)居住區等(deng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)敏感區，可能對(dui)沿(yan)線(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統、聲環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)等(deng)造(zao)成較為(wei)明(ming)顯的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)影響(xiang)，亟(ji)需(xu)進一(yi)步明(ming)確和強化公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)建(jian)設(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，切(qie)實(shi)提高公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)項(xiang)(xiang)目生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)水平，切(qie)實(shi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)沿(yan)線(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)和保(bao)(bao)障相關(guan)居民合(he)法利(li)益(yi)，推動建(jian)設(she)(she)綠(lv)色公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)。第三，制定(ding)《公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)導(dao)則》是進一(yi)步規范該類項(xiang)(xiang)目環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)管理的(de)現實(shi)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)。近年來，我部(bu)先(xian)后發布生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)導(dao)則、聲環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)導(dao)則、地下(xia)水環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)導(dao)則等(deng)一(yi)系(xi)列環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)技術導(dao)則，為(wei)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)項(xiang)(xiang)目環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)開展提供了技術支撐。但是，在(zai)公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)項(xiang)(xiang)目環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)也出(chu)現了噪(zao)聲預測模型采用參數不(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)致、評(ping)價重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)突(tu)出(chu)、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)及噪(zao)聲防治措施(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming)確、溫室(shi)氣(qi)(qi)體排(pai)放和適應氣(qi)(qi)候變(bian)化等(deng)新要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)未納入評(ping)價內容(rong)等(deng)問(wen)題。此次導(dao)則的(de)出(chu)臺(tai)，針對(dui)存在(zai)的(de)問(wen)題提出(chu)了明(ming)確要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，能夠進一(yi)步規范公(gong)路(lu)(lu)(lu)項(xiang)(xiang)目環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，統一(yi)管理尺度(du)(du)。

問：此次導則制定有哪些特點？

答：一(yi)是堅持生(sheng)態優(you)先(xian)(xian)、綠色低碳理念(nian)。要求優(you)先(xian)(xian)通過優(you)化選(xuan)址選(xuan)線避讓或(huo)減(jian)少占(zhan)用環境敏感(gan)區，從源頭減(jian)少對生(sheng)態系統、沿(yan)線居(ju)民等的不利影響(xiang)；對難以避讓的強化生(sheng)態保(bao)護、噪聲防治(zhi)等要求，采取綠色施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝、清潔低排放(fang)的施工(gong)(gong)機械等措施，要求開展(zhan)溫室氣體(ti)排放(fang)管控和適應氣候(hou)變化的相關工(gong)(gong)作，推動建(jian)設綠色低碳公(gong)路。

二(er)是強調(diao)(diao)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)合(he)規、標準協調(diao)(diao)一致。按照《中華(hua)(hua)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和國(guo)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》《中華(hua)(hua)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和國(guo)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)影響評(ping)(ping)價法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》《中華(hua)(hua)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和國(guo)噪聲污染防治法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》《建設項(xiang)目環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)管(guan)理條例(li)》等(deng)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規的(de)規定，結合(he)環(huan)評(ping)(ping)技(ji)術(shu)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)總綱、生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)評(ping)(ping)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)、聲環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)等(deng)技(ji)術(shu)方面的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，在《公路環(huan)評(ping)(ping)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)》中進一步細化(hua)和明(ming)確相關(guan)內容(rong)。通過推薦(jian)國(guo)際通行(xing)、行(xing)業認可(ke)、實踐可(ke)行(xing)的(de)預測模型、技(ji)術(shu)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，要(yao)求(qiu)采取嚴格的(de)、符合(he)當前生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)保(bao)要(yao)求(qiu)、具有(you)技(ji)術(shu)經濟可(ke)行(xing)性的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)保(bao)措施，強化(hua)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)管(guan)理和環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)監測，確保(bao)新制定的(de)《公路環(huan)評(ping)(ping)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)》符合(he)相關(guan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規要(yao)求(qiu)，與現(xian)有(you)的(de)環(huan)評(ping)(ping)技(ji)術(shu)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)體(ti)系(xi)、環(huan)評(ping)(ping)實踐等(deng)總體(ti)保(bao)持一致。

三是突出行業特色、提高管(guan)理(li)效能。結合(he)公路(lu)項目(mu)為線(xian)性工(gong)程的特點，評(ping)價工(gong)作(zuo)重點關注對沿線(xian)生態、聲環(huan)境的影(ying)響和保(bao)護措(cuo)(cuo)施，弱化與公路(lu)項目(mu)關聯(lian)較少的大(da)氣等(deng)要(yao)素環(huan)境影(ying)響評(ping)價；同時，采取分(fen)段評(ping)價、簡化加(jia)油站評(ping)價等(deng)創新舉措(cuo)(cuo)，進(jin)一步減少不(bu)必要(yao)的環(huan)評(ping)工(gong)作(zuo)內容，提高管(guan)理(li)效能。

問：《公路環評導則》主要內容有哪些？

答：根據(ju)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)技術(shu)導(dao)(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)總綱的(de)要求，結合其他行業環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)導(dao)(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)，確定了(le)《公(gong)路環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)導(dao)(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)》的(de)主(zhu)要內容，主(zhu)要包(bao)括三大部(bu)分(fen)：第(di)一部(bu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)一般性(xing)規(gui)定。包(bao)括導(dao)(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)的(de)適用范(fan)圍(wei)、規(gui)范(fan)性(xing)引用文(wen)件(jian)、術(shu)語和(he)定義(yi)、總則(ze)(ze)(ze)等(deng)(deng)內容，對公(gong)路項(xiang)目環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)基本(ben)任務、基本(ben)要求和(he)工(gong)作(zuo)程序作(zuo)了(le)規(gui)定。第(di)二部(bu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)評(ping)(ping)價(jia)主(zhu)體內容。包(bao)括工(gong)程概況、影響(xiang)識別、評(ping)(ping)價(jia)等(deng)(deng)級和(he)范(fan)圍(wei)、現(xian)狀調查評(ping)(ping)價(jia)、影響(xiang)預測與評(ping)(ping)價(jia)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護措施、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)管(guan)理與監測、結論等(deng)(deng)部(bu)分(fen)，主(zhu)要是指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)公(gong)路項(xiang)目環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)工(gong)作(zuo)如何開展。第(di)三部(bu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)附則(ze)(ze)(ze)。給(gei)出(chu)了(le)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)圖件(jian)的(de)規(gui)范(fan)要求、噪聲(sheng)等(deng)(deng)預測技術(shu)方法(fa)等(deng)(deng)，為(wei)(wei)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)文(wen)件(jian)編(bian)制提(ti)供(gong)詳細指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)和(he)技術(shu)支撐(cheng)。

問：《公路環評導則》的適用范圍是如何考慮的？

答：該導則的(de)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)范(fan)(fan)圍為(wei)高速(su)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)和二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)建(jian)設項(xiang)目，其(qi)他等級(ji)(ji)的(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)建(jian)設項(xiang)目可參照執行。確定(ding)這個適(shi)(shi)用(yong)范(fan)(fan)圍主要是(shi)基(ji)(ji)于以下考慮：一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)高速(su)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)和二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)的(de)噪(zao)聲影(ying)響相對更加突出(chu)(chu)，在(zai)環(huan)評分類中多屬于編(bian)制(zhi)報告(gao)書的(de)項(xiang)目。二(er)(er)是(shi)當前的(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)項(xiang)目噪(zao)聲等預測評價技術和模(mo)型，多是(shi)基(ji)(ji)于二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)以上公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)影(ying)響等研究得出(chu)(chu)，在(zai)高速(su)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)和二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)的(de)項(xiang)目環(huan)境(jing)影(ying)響評價中具(ju)有良好的(de)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)性(xing)(xing)。二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)以下道路(lu)(lu)，因涉及(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)出(chu)(chu)入口、車速(su)非勻速(su)、車流量(liang)不(bu)穩定(ding)等因素，其(qi)噪(zao)聲傳播特(te)征呈(cheng)現非線(xian)性(xing)(xing)、非規(gui)律性(xing)(xing)，模(mo)型等適(shi)(shi)用(yong)性(xing)(xing)較差(cha)。三是(shi)二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)以下公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)(lu)多是(shi)編(bian)制(zhi)報告(gao)表的(de)項(xiang)目，因此可參考本導則開展工作(zuo)，結(jie)合我部關(guan)于報告(gao)表項(xiang)目的(de)評價要求，針對性(xing)(xing)提出(chu)(chu)防治環(huan)境(jing)污染(ran)和生態破壞的(de)措施。

問：《公路環評導則》有哪些創新點？

答：此次(ci)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)制(zhi)定中(zhong)有(you)很多的(de)(de)(de)(de)創新點，主(zhu)要體現(xian)在三個方面(mian)：首先，實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)了分(fen)段(duan)(duan)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)。建(jian)設項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)在確定生態評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)等級時(shi)，一(yi)般(ban)只(zhi)確定一(yi)個等級，對(dui)(dui)于點狀工程(cheng)是適(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)為(wei)線性工程(cheng)，一(yi)般(ban)延綿幾十至(zhi)上(shang)百公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)路(lu)段(duan)(duan)（如涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)路(lu)段(duan)(duan)和(he)普通(tong)(tong)路(lu)段(duan)(duan)）涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護(hu)目(mu)(mu)標不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，對(dui)(dui)應(ying)需要開(kai)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)狀調查和(he)預測評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)均不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，若全(quan)線同(tong)一(yi)個評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)等級，工作量十分(fen)巨大。為(wei)了更精準評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)和(he)提(ti)高效率，結合(he)近(jin)期頒布實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生態環(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)，對(dui)(dui)涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)敏感(gan)(gan)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)路(lu)段(duan)(duan)單獨判定評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)等級，重(zhong)點評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)，提(ti)出(chu)嚴格(ge)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，其他不(bu)(bu)涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)敏感(gan)(gan)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，簡(jian)化(hua)(hua)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)。其次(ci)，簡(jian)化(hua)(hua)了涉(she)及(ji)(ji)(ji)加(jia)油站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)內容。根據現(xian)行(xing)(xing)地下水環(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)和(he)土壤(rang)環(huan)(huan)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)，對(dui)(dui)于公(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)，在開(kai)展地下水和(he)土壤(rang)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)時(shi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)包含的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)油站(zhan)(zhan)應(ying)按(an)(an)照(zhao)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)確定評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)等級、范圍(wei)，并開(kai)展評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)。此次(ci)導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)制(zhi)定過程(cheng)中(zhong)，考慮到加(jia)油站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地下水和(he)土壤(rang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)簡(jian)單成熟、近(jin)年來我(wo)部(bu)(bu)和(he)相關(guan)行(xing)(xing)業部(bu)(bu)門針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)加(jia)油站(zhan)(zhan)出(chu)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)《加(jia)油站(zhan)(zhan)地下水污染防(fang)治技術(shu)指(zhi)(zhi)南（試行(xing)(xing)）》等標準能夠有(you)效指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)加(jia)油站(zhan)(zhan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)預防(fang)其對(dui)(dui)地下水和(he)土壤(rang)環(huan)(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)污染等因素，我(wo)們創新思(si)路(lu)，對(dui)(dui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)加(jia)油站(zhan)(zhan)評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)進行(xing)(xing)簡(jian)化(hua)(hua)，對(dui)(dui)選址(zhi)符(fu)合(he)生態環(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)要求(qiu)、按(an)(an)要求(qiu)采取了嚴格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)泄漏(lou)、防(fang)滲措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)免(mian)于開(kai)展評(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)價(jia)。第三，增(zeng)加(jia)了溫(wen)室氣(qi)體管(guan)控和(he)適(shi)應(ying)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)變化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)。為(wei)落實(shi)(shi)我(wo)部(bu)(bu)聯合(he)國家(jia)發(fa)改委等16部(bu)(bu)門印(yin)發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)《國家(jia)適(shi)應(ying)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)變化(hua)(hua)戰(zhan)略2035》中(zhong)“將(jiang)溫(wen)室氣(qi)體排(pai)放(fang)管(guan)控及(ji)(ji)(ji)適(shi)應(ying)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)變化(hua)(hua)要求(qiu)有(you)效融(rong)入交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)基礎設施(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)設過程(cheng)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)，導(dao)則(ze)(ze)(ze)針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)溫(wen)室氣(qi)體排(pai)放(fang)管(guan)控和(he)適(shi)應(ying)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)變化(hua)(hua)提(ti)出(chu)了相關(guan)要求(qiu)。

問：《公路環評導則》在噪聲污染防治方面提出了哪些強化要求？

答：為切實保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)沿(yan)線生態環(huan)(huan)境和公眾權(quan)益，我們在(zai)《公路(lu)環(huan)(huan)評導則》制(zhi)定(ding)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，高度重視公路(lu)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)污染，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)從以(yi)下幾(ji)個方面(mian)(mian)提出(chu)(chu)了嚴格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)污染防治(zhi)措(cuo)(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)：一是(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)科學選(xuan)址選(xuan)線優先(xian)繞(rao)避環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)，針對運行期影響提出(chu)(chu)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)達標(biao)(biao)距(ju)離的(de)(de)(de)規劃控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，盡量減少受(shou)影響的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)；二是(shi)(shi)在(zai)防治(zhi)措(cuo)(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)方面(mian)(mian)，優先(xian)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)采取(qu)(qu)(qu)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源和傳播途徑控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，需要(yao)(yao)時才考慮針對聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)采取(qu)(qu)(qu)隔聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、平面(mian)(mian)布置優化(hua)、功能調整或拆遷等措(cuo)(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。同時，還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)進(jin)一步采取(qu)(qu)(qu)管理、監測以(yi)及(ji)施(shi)(shi)工期噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)防治(zhi)等進(jin)一步的(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)當聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)(huan)境現狀超標(biao)(biao)時，屬(shu)于與(yu)本(ben)(ben)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)有關的(de)(de)(de)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)問題應(ying)一并(bing)解決；屬(shu)于本(ben)(ben)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)和項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)外其(qi)他(ta)因素綜合引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)，應(ying)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)針對本(ben)(ben)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)交通噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)貢獻值進(jin)行治(zhi)理，推動相關方面(mian)(mian)依據《中(zhong)(zhong)華人民共和國噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)污染防治(zhi)法》的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)在(zai)相關噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)超標(biao)(biao)區域采取(qu)(qu)(qu)綜合治(zhi)理措(cuo)(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。四是(shi)(shi)當工程評價范圍內(nei)涉及(ji)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)護對象(xiang)為野(ye)生動物(wu)及(ji)其(qi)棲(qi)息地的(de)(de)(de)生態敏感區時，提出(chu)(chu)按要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)采取(qu)(qu)(qu)強(qiang)化(hua)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，加強(qiang)對野(ye)生動物(wu)等保(bao)(bao)護。